Question 1

What engineering formats do you support for bispecific antibodies (e.g., IgG-like formats, CrossMab, BiTE, tandem scFv, knob-in-hole)?

Accepted Answer

With the widest range of bispecific antibody (BsAb)  structure formats on the market, our expertise covers both IgG-like and fragment-based formats, providing high flexibility in design and function.
Some of the formats we can develop include, but are not limited to:

IgG-like bispecifics: such as CrossMAb, DuoBody, κλ-body, and DVD-Ig. These formats combine the advantages of conventional IgGs (long half-life, effector functions) with bispecificity.
T-cell engaging formats: like BiTEs (bispecific T-cell engagers) and DARTs, designed for potent immune cell recruitment.
Fusion and appended formats: such as IgG-scFv fusions, Fab-(scFv)₂, and HSAbody.
Bispecific ADC formats: we leverage our expertise in antibody-drug conjugate services to create multifunctional therapeutic molecules.
Engineering strategies for chain pairing: including knob-in-hole (KiH) for heavy chain heterodimerization and other techniques to avoid light chain mispairing.

We also support custom formats or proprietary designs provided by the client. Your dedicated project manager will guide you in testing a panel of formats and selecting the optimal format for your application, balancing potency, stability, half-life, and manufacturability.

Question 2

Can you help select or design the most appropriate bispecific format for my application?

Accepted Answer

Absolutely. Guiding and advising our clients is a core part of how we approach bispecific antibody development at ProteoGenix.
Developing a bispecific antibody is often complex. The structure of a bispecific antibody can strongly influence its stability, binding behavior, half-life, manufacturability, and ultimately its therapeutic potential. There’s no one-size-fits-all solution—you need to test multiple versions to find the optimal configuration for your specific target.  That is where we come in; we work closely with you to understand your goals and constraints. Based on that, we can suggest a carefully selected panel of formats broad enough to explore different structures but still designed to maximize value within your budget, and test them through our high-throughput antibody production service to select the best candidates.
Our role is not just to execute but to advise you, from bispecific design to production and functional validation, to help you design smartly and even optimize experimental details. Additionally, at each key stage, we implement go/no-go decision points, allowing you to move forward only when the data supports it.
Our goal is simple: to support you when the science becomes complex and the decisions truly matter.

Question 3

Do you provide both discovery and engineering services, or do I need to supply existing binders?

Accepted Answer

ProteoGenix offers both antibody discovery platforms and engineering services for bispecific antibody development, giving you full flexibility depending on the maturity of your program.
If you already have existing binders or antibody sequences, we can directly adapt them into the most appropriate bispecific formats and manage the full downstream workflow, from design to production and developability assessment services. 
If suitable binders are not yet available, we also offer antibody discovery services, including phage display, hybridoma, and single B-cell discovery platforms, to generate monoclonal antibodies compatible with bispecific engineering.

Question 4

Are you able to generate bispecifics from nanobodies, scFvs, or other non-IgG scaffolds?

Accepted Answer

Yes. We have expertise in engineering bispecific antibody formats from non-IgG scaffolds, including nanobodies and scFv formats.
The BsAb formats that we can design and engineer include, but are not limited to  BiTEs, DARTs, KIH, CrossMab+KIH, Duobody, DuetMab, IgG-scFv fusions (one or two arms), Fab-Fc-scFv, Fab-(scFv)2, CrossMab fusion, and NANOBODY®-based constructs. Additionally, we can combine these molecules with Fc regions to optimize stability, half-life, or functionality.  
Our project managers advise on the most appropriate format based on your targets and application, and ensure that the selected format is compatible with efficient expression, purification, and developability requirements.

Question 5

Do you offer affinity maturation or humanization of parental antibodies before building the bispecific?

Accepted Answer

Yes, the goal of our therapeutic antibody services is to provide all the necessary technical tools to develop and engineer your antibody, making it ready for preclinical stages. As part of this platform, ProteoGenix offers affinity maturation services and antibody humanization services.
Early in the project, you will discuss with your dedicated project manager to determine whether your parental antibody requires affinity maturation optimization or humanization to ensure compatibility with bispecific assembly, stability, and developability.
Because the scope and methodology of affinity maturation or humanization depend on your initial antibody and project objectives, you will discuss these aspects with your dedicated project manager, who will guide you to determine the best approach for your application.

Question 6

Do you support stability or developability assessments?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Our custom antibody services support stability and developability improvement service as part of bispecific antibody development.
Depending on your project needs, we evaluate key parameters such as purity, aggregation, affinity, thermal stability,  stability (at room temperature, storage, freeze-thaw cycles, etc), and binding interactions using analytical methods, including SEC-HPLC, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Biacore Surface Plasmon Resonance, and ELISA.
Our dedicated team of antibody experts leverages 25 years of expertise and our proprietary AI to improve your antibody developability, saving you time and resources in the development of your successful therapeutic antibody.

Question 7

Can you produce bsAbs in small-scale pilot batches for functional screening?

Accepted Answer

Yes. ProteoGenix routinely produces bispecific antibodies in small-scale pilot batches to support early functional screening and format comparison through our high-throughput antibody production service.
This approach allows you to rapidly compare milligram quantities of a panel of antibodies side by side, make data-driven go/no-go decisions, and select the most promising bispecific antibody before moving to large-scale production.

Question 8

What expression systems are available for producing my bispecific antibody?

Accepted Answer

To develop your specific antibody, ProteoGenix uses high-performance proprietary XtenCHO™ cells. We optimize antibody gene sequences specifically for this system to ensure high yields and low endotoxin levels.

Question 9

Do you support future scale-up or stable cell line development for my bispecific?

Accepted Answer

Yes. Our stable cell line generation service supports you with large-scale production at gram level or more. Our platform is designed to optimize yield, product quality, and developability while minimizing development time and risk. Key features include:

Developability assessment: sequence analysis for liabilities, solubility, aggregation, and CDR evaluation.
High-yield expression: across more than 100 projects, we have consistently achieved yields exceeding g/L levels.
True proof of monoclonality: using VIPS™, a compliant method for regulatory submissions.
Royalty-free, proprietary cell lines: full freedom for your future applications.
Custom project management: dedicated PhD-level project manager guiding you through each step, since it is the most critical step to go to preclinical stages.

At ProteoGenix, we offer an end-to-end bispecific antibody development service, supporting you from the design to antibody production, ready for preclinical development.

Question 10

Who owns the final bispecific antibody sequence—me or your company?

Accepted Answer

Your dedicated project manager works closely with you to select the bispecific format that best fits your scientific and therapeutic needs, taking into account essential parameters such as BsAb length, immunogenicity, stability, half-life, and binding sites. At the same time, we guide you to ensure the chosen format aligns with the most suitable intellectual property arrangement for your project.
With this approach, we ensure your bispecific antibody has the right balance between performance and freedom to operate.

Question 11

How to assess the bispecific antibody potency?

Accepted Answer

Measuring the potency of Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) can be challenging due to their unique properties. However, several tests can aid customers in identifying the most effective BsAbs for their specific needs.
To measure antibody affinity, ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay) and KD (Dissociation Constant) determination are employed. ELISA allows the quantification of BsAb binding to specific antigens, providing valuable information about its binding strength. KD determination calculates the equilibrium dissociation constant, offering insights into the strength of the antibody-antigen interaction.
To assess solubility and aggregation, SEC-HPLC (Size-Exclusion Chromatography – High-Performance Liquid Chromatography) is used. This method separates BsAbs based on size, allowing the identification of any aggregated or insoluble forms.
DSL (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) is utilized to check BsAb thermostability. By measuring the heat-induced unfolding, this technique provides valuable data on the stability of the antibody structure.
Avidity, which refers to the cumulative strength of multiple interactions between BsAbs and antigens, is another crucial parameter. Specific assays, such as Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) or Biacore, are used to evaluate avidity.
By employing these tests and methodologies, customers can gain a comprehensive understanding of the potency and performance of Bispecific antibodies, enabling them to make informed decisions for their research or therapeutic development projects.

Bispecific antibody development services

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Bispecific antibody development services

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